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Coverdale Bible 1535

   

10:1it greueth my soule to lyue. Neuerthelesse, now will I put forth my wordes: I wil speake out of the very heuynesse off my soule,
10:2and will saye vnto God: O do not condemne me, but shewe me the cause, wherfore thou iudgest me on this maner.
10:3Thinkest thou it well done, to oppresse me, to cast me of (beinge a worke of thy hondes) and to manteyne the councell of the vngodly?
10:4Hast thou fle?shy eyes then, or doest thou loke as man loketh?
10:5Are thy dayes as the dayes of man, and thy yeares as mans yeares?
10:6that thou makest soch inquisicion for my wickednesse, and searchest out my synne?
10:7where as (notwithstondinge) thou knowest that I am no wicked person, & that there is no man able to delyuer me out of thine honde.
10:8Thy hondes haue made me, & fashioned me alltogether rounde aboute, wilt thou then destroye me sodely?
10:9O remembre (I beseke the) how that thou madest me of the moulde of the earth, and shalt brynge me to earth agayne.
10:10Hast thou not milked me, as it were mylck: and turned me to cruddes like chese?
10:11Thou hast couered me with skynne and flesh, and ioyned me together with bones & synowes.
10:12Thou hast graunted me life, and done me good: and the diligent hede that thou tokest vpon me, hath preserued my sprete.
10:13Though thou hydest these thinges in thine hert, yet am I sure, that thou remembrest the all.
10:14Wherfore didest thou kepe me, when I synned, and hast not clensed me fro myne offence?
10:15Yf I do wickedly, wo is me therfore: Yf I be rightuous, yet darre I not lift vp my heade: so full am I of confucion, and se myne owne misery.
10:16Thou huntest me out (beynge in heuynesse) as it were a Lyon, and troublest me out of measure.
10:17Thou bringest fresh witnesses agaynst me, thy wrath increasest thou vpon me, very many are the plages that I am in.
10:18Wherfore hast thou brought me out of my mothers wombe? O that I had perished, & that no eye had sene me.
10:19Yf they had caried me to my graue, as soone as I was borne, then shulde I be now, as though I had neuer bene.
10:20Shall not my short life come soone to an ende? O holde the fro me, let me alone, that I maye ease myself a litle:
10:21afore I go thyther, from whence I shal not turne agayne: Namely, to that londe of darcknesse & shadowe of death:
10:22yee into that darck clowdy londe & deadly shadowe, where as is no ordre, but terrible feare as in the darcknesse.
Coverdale Bible 1535

Coverdale Bible 1535

The Coverdale Bible, compiled by Myles Coverdale and published in 1535, was the first complete English translation of the Bible to contain both the Old and New Testament and translated from the original Hebrew and Greek. The later editions (folio and quarto) published in 1539 were the first complete Bibles printed in England. The 1539 folio edition carried the royal license and was, therefore, the first officially approved Bible translation in English.

Tyndale never had the satisfaction of completing his English Bible; but during his imprisonment, he may have learned that a complete translation, based largely upon his own, had actually been produced. The credit for this achievement, the first complete printed English Bible, is due to Miles Coverdale (1488-1569), afterward bishop of Exeter (1551-1553).

The details of its production are obscure. Coverdale met Tyndale in Hamburg, Germany in 1529, and is said to have assisted him in the translation of the Pentateuch. His own work was done under the patronage of Oliver Cromwell, who was anxious for the publication of an English Bible; and it was no doubt forwarded by the action of Convocation, which, under Archbishop Cranmer's leading, had petitioned in 1534 for the undertaking of such a work.

Coverdale's Bible was probably printed by Froschover in Zurich, Switzerland and was published at the end of 1535, with a dedication to Henry VIII. By this time, the conditions were more favorable to a Protestant Bible than they had been in 1525. Henry had finally broken with the Pope and had committed himself to the principle of an English Bible. Coverdale's work was accordingly tolerated by authority, and when the second edition of it appeared in 1537 (printed by an English printer, Nycolson of Southwark), it bore on its title-page the words, "Set forth with the King's most gracious license." In licensing Coverdale's translation, King Henry probably did not know how far he was sanctioning the work of Tyndale, which he had previously condemned.

In the New Testament, in particular, Tyndale's version is the basis of Coverdale's, and to a somewhat less extent this is also the case in the Pentateuch and Jonah; but Coverdale revised the work of his predecessor with the help of the Zurich German Bible of Zwingli and others (1524-1529), a Latin version by Pagninus, the Vulgate, and Luther. In his preface, he explicitly disclaims originality as a translator, and there is no sign that he made any noticeable use of the Greek and Hebrew; but he used the available Latin, German, and English versions with judgment. In the parts of the Old Testament which Tyndale had not published he appears to have translated mainly from the Zurich Bible. [Coverdale's Bible of 1535 was reprinted by Bagster, 1838.]

In one respect Coverdale's Bible was groundbreaking, namely, in the arrangement of the books of the. It is to Tyndale's example, no doubt, that the action of Coverdale is due. His Bible is divided into six parts -- (1) Pentateuch; (2) Joshua -- Esther; (3) Job -- "Solomon's Balettes" (i.e. Canticles); (4) Prophets; (5) "Apocrypha, the books and treatises which among the fathers of old are not reckoned to be of like authority with the other books of the Bible, neither are they found in the canon of the Hebrew"; (6) the New Testament. This represents the view generally taken by the Reformers, both in Germany and in England, and so far as concerns the English Bible, Coverdale's example was decisive.